The influence of climate factors on the different geometric forms of Urban structures

Abstract

The amount of the electric and heat energy needed for operating of multi-storey buildings depends on architectural and urban characteristics of the structure and its surrounding. The distance between the buildings and their disposition on the site determine if the factors of energy efficiency, such as the insolation or the wind impact, will have advantageous or disadvantageous effects on the building. The orientation and the form of the building are crucial factors which determine the degree of the building energy efficiency. Deciding upon the appropriate footprint and the most suitable location of the building can dramatically decrease the level of needed energy for lightning, air-conditioning or heating of the interior. This paper researches the ways in which the geometry of the building and the structure of urban area affect the amount of the sunlight and the unfavorable wind impact on the building. The interactive use and integration of 3-D modeling software in the analysis of the energy efficiency would forestall errors in the early phase of the design and it would save the resources needed for the improvement of the existing structures. The analysis of the geometry and correlations of the structures in urban areas of Novi Sad is presented in this paper. We draw important conclusions which can be further used to improve urban planning. Through simulation of the wind and solar influence, one can observe the effects on energy efficiency of the buildings depending of urban block's geometry. The results imply the best street layout, the best size of the courtyards and the optimal shape of the block. The data gathered for this paper may help the urban planners to foresee certain mistakes in the early phase of the planning and therefore improve the quality of life and energy efficiency of the buildings. © SGEM2013 All Rights Reserved by the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM.