Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://open.uns.ac.rs/handle/123456789/27701
Title: Ćelijski markeri toksičnosti kao integrisan signal nivoa kontaminacije perzistentnim organskim polutantima
Markers of cellular toxicity as integrated signals of level of contamination by persistent organic polutants
Authors: Kaišarević Sonja 
Keywords: Biomarkeri, bioanalize, CYP enzimi, citotoksičnost, perzistentni organski polutanti, kontaminacija;Biomarkers, boanalysis, CYP enzymes, cytotoxicity, persistent organic polutants, contamination
Issue Date: 31-Aug-2011
Publisher: Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences at Novi Sad
Abstract: <p>Tema ove disertacije odnosi se na ispitivanje mogućnosti primene različitih ćelijskih markera toksičnosti u proceni nivoa kontaminacije perzistentnim organskim polutantima (POPs). U radu su prikazani rezultati bioanaliza kojima su testirana referentna jedinjenja, a zatim je na primeru dve različite studije slučaja pokazana uloga i značaj ćelijskih markera toksičnosti kao integrisanih signala nivoa kontaminacije. AhR-indukujući potencijal referentnih jedinjenja grupe POPs, i to jedinjenja grupe PCDDs (TCDD) i grupe PAHs (D(a,h)A, B(a)P, B(a)A,<br />Chr, Flu, Ant) ispitan je mikroEROD analizom na kontinualnoj kulturi hepatocita pacova H4IIE i luciferaznom analizom na rekombinovanoj ćelijskoj liniji H4IIE.luc. Najpotentnija jedinjenja odabrana su za analizu diferencijalne ekspresije CYP1A1, CYP1A2 i CYP1B1 gena, koja je ukazala na različite genetske profile indukovane TCDD-om i jedinjenjima grupe PAHs. Uticaj jedinjenja grupe PAHs na ćelijsku proliferaciju ispitan je testovima toksičnosti (MTT test i SRB test) koji se baziraju na različitim markerima toksičnosti, a rezultati su ukazali na citotoksično dejstvo ovih jedinjenja. Metode standardizovane primenom referentnih jedinjenja primenjene su u efektom-usmerenim analizama potencijalno kontaminiranog zemlji&scaron;ta i sedimenta. U zavisnosti od studije, početni skrining uzoraka urađen je primenom mikroEROD analize na primarnoj kulturi hepatocita pacova i kontinualnoj kulturi H4IIE, a prioritizirani uzorci podvrgnuti su instrumentalnim analizama i dodatnim bioanalizama u cilju specifičnije identifikacije ključnih polutanata odgovornih za<br />detektovani biolo&scaron;ki odgovor. Sveobuhvatni rezultati ukazali su da je indukcija enzima prve faze biotransformacije ksenobiotika CYP1 familije (CYP1A1, CYP1A2 i CYP1B1) značajan ćelijski marker koji može da ukaže na izlaganje AhR-indukujućim ksenobioticima iz grupe POPs. Diferencijalna ekspresija CYP1A1, CYP1A2 i CYP1B1 može se istaći kao potencijalno značajan biomarker u diskriminaciji između jedinjenja grupe PCDDs i grupe PAHs, pri čemu PCDDs dominantno indukuju CYP1A1 a većina PAHs CYP1A2. Primena testova citotoksičnosti/proliferacije na H4IIE, MCF7 i MDA-MB-231 ćelijskim linijama može ukazati na prisustvo potencijalno toksičnih ksenobiotika, ali treba napomenuti da<br />rezultati u značajnoj meri zavise od izbora testa, odnosno markera toksičnosti na kome se dati test bazira. U analizi kompleksnih sme&scaron;a uzoraka iz okoline nepoznatog sastava primena bioanaliza baziranih na merenju različitih markera ćelijske toksičnosti je od ključnog značaja za detekciju polutanata koji se ne mogu identifikovati standardnim hemijskim analizama, i evaluaciju njihovog integrisanog efekta na biolo&scaron;ke sisteme. Stoga se primena bioanaliza baziranih na merenju indukcije CYP enzima kao markera ćelijske toksičnosti, u kombinaciji sa odgovarajućim testovima toksičnosti, preporučuje kao nezaobilazan deo eksperimentalne strategije u identifikaciji ekofiziolo&scaron;ki relevantnih jedinjenja, definisanju &bdquo;ključnih&ldquo; polutanata i biomonitoringu lokaliteta kontaminiranih jedinjenjima grupe POPs.</p>
<p>The topic of this dissertation refers to investigation of possibility for application of markers of<br />cellular toxicity in estimation of level of contamination by persistent organic pollutants<br />(POPs). In this study, results of bioanalyses used for testing of referent compounds are<br />presented, and followed by the results of two different case studies used as examples showing<br />role and significance of markers of toxicity as integrated signals of level of contamination.<br />AhR-inducing potential of referent POPs compounds from the group of PCDDs (TCDD) and<br />PAHs (D(a,h)A, B(a)P, B(a)A, Chr, Ant, Flu) was examined by microEROD analysis on<br />continual rat hepatoma cell line H4IIE and luciferase analysis on recombinant cell line<br />H4IIE.luc. The most potent compounds have been chosen for differential gene expression<br />analysis of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 genes, which indicated to different genetic<br />profiles induced by TCDD and PAHs. Impact of PAHs on cell proliferation was examined by<br />two different tests (MTT test and SRB test) based on measurement of different markers of<br />toxicity, and results revealed cytotoxic effects of these compounds. Methods standardized by<br />application of referent compounds were further applied in effect-directed analysis of<br />potentially contaminated soil and sediment. Depending on the study, preliminary screening of<br />the samples was conducted using microEROD analysis on primary rate hepatocyte culture and<br />continual culture H4IIE, and prioritized samples were submitted to instrumental analysis and<br />additional bioanalysis aimed to specific identification of the pollutants responsible for<br />detected biological response. Overall results showed that induction of enzymes of the first<br />phase of biotransformation of xenobiotics from CYP1A family (CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and<br />CYP1B1) is a significant cellular marker that can point out to exposure to AhR-inducing<br />xenobiotics from the group of POPs. Differential expression of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and<br />CYP1B1 is a potentially important biomarker in discrimination between compounds from the<br />group of PCDDs and group of PAHs, where PCDDs predominantly induce CYP1A1 and<br />majority of PAHs CYP1A2. Application of cytotoxicity/proliferation tests on H4IIE, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines can indicate to a presence of potentially toxic xenobiotics, but<br />obtained results considerably depend on selected test, i.e. marker of toxicity on which it is<br />based. In analysis of complex environmental mixtures of unknown composition, application<br />of bioanalysis based on measurement of different markers of cellular toxicity is of a crucial<br />importance for detection of pollutants that can not be identified by standard chemical analysis,<br />and evaluation of their integrated effect on biological systems. Therefore, application of<br />bioanalysis based on measurement of induction of CYP enzymes as markers of cellular<br />toxicity, in combination with selected toxicity tests, can be recommended as an unavoidable<br />part of experimental strategy in identification of ecophysiologically relevant compounds,<br />defining of key pollutants and biomonitoring of localities contaminated by POPs.</p>
URI: https://open.uns.ac.rs/handle/123456789/27701
Appears in Collections:PMF Teze/Theses

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