MIA, S100 and LDH as important predictors of overall survival of patients with stage IIb and IIc melanoma

Abstract

Purpose: Melanoma represents the most severe form of skin cancer. Detection of specific tumor markers is an important step in disease diagnosis and treatment, contributing to personalized therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of MIA, S-100 and LDH as biomarkers for the estimation of overall survival and disease-free survival rate in patients with stage IIa, IIb vs stage IIc melanoma. Methods: Selected biomarkers MIA, S-100 and LDH were prospectively evaluated in 80 patients with melanoma. Patients were divided in two groups according to tumor thickness. The first group (group A) consisted of patients with primary tumor thickness between 2.0-4.0 mm (N=40), i.e. IIa and IIb stage of disease (16 males; 40%, and 24 females; 60%). The second group (group B) consisted of 40 patients with primary tumor thickness over 4.0 mm, i.e. IIc stage, which is considered as high risk group (26 males; 65%, and 14 females 35%). Statistical analyses were performed to estimate overall survival and disease-free survival in both patient groups. Results: In group A a significant difference in overall survival was found among MIA1, MIA2 and MIA3 scores, while the other 2 markers didn't show significant differences. In group B statistically significant differences in overall survival were found regarding all three biomarkers. Statistically significant differences in disease-free survival were found for MIA1 score compared to MIA2 and MIA3 scores. Also, very significant difference was detected in patients with S-100 below 0.106 and above 0.106. The same was confirmedfor normal and increased LDH level in group B for disease-free survival. Conclusion: MIA score, S100 protein and LDH in the IIC group B patients might be useful in the prediction of overall survival and disease free survival.