Multi locus sequence typing of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates from pigs on Serbian farms

Abstract

© 2017 Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG ISSN 0005-9366. Our aim was to characterize and investigate the diversity of Brachyspira (B.) hyodysenteriae field isolates in the Serbian swine population using a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme. Fourteen isolates of B. hyodysenteriae were recovered from the swine dysentery (SD) affected pigs. Two of three sequence type (ST) that were found in Serbia, have been reported in other European countries, while the one ST represents the newly characterized genotype of B. hyodysenteriae strains. Sequence data obtained from PubMLST for 167 European B. hyodysenteriae isolates then were included in the analysis. The 57 STs were grouped in six clusters, belonging to eight clonal complexes (CC) with two predicted primary group founder types and 31 singletons, based on the number of differences in the allelic profile. A population snapshot based on 56 amino acid types (AATs) grouped isolates into eleven CCs and 26 singletons, and identified two predicted primary group founder types representing 24% (40 isolates) of the isolates. The predicted primary founder type AAT9 included 18 isolates from five STs originated from Sweden, Germany, Belgium, Italy and Spain. This study re-emphasized MLST as a tool for typing of B. hyodysenteriae, showed the diversity from a small sample within a relatively small area, and confirmed the molecular relatedness of European B. hyodyseneteriae isolates. Finally, these results provide a useful reference basis for further epidemiological studies on SD, and heterogeneity of B. hyodysenteriae strains in this region of Europe.