Analiza fitoestrogena sojinog semena

Abstract

<p>Soybean seed, a valuable source of nutrients, also contains numerous non-nutrient compounds which are biologically active. The most important non-nutrients in soy are isoflavones, phytoestrogen substances which are associated with protective effects against cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, certain kinds of cancer and the ability to alleviate menopausal symptoms. In this study, isoflavone content in different soybean genotypes from the area of Vojvodina has been examined for the first time, enabling the comparison with isoflavone content in soybeans from other sites. Furthermore, the influence of different factors (the genotype of plant, the origin of seed, the year of seeding and hybridization) on isoflavone content has been researched, as well as the mutual relationships between different isoflavones in soybeans. The obtained results show that the total isoflavone content in soybeans from the area of Vojvodina are similar to the total isoflavone content in soybeans from other sites. However, a large number of the examined genotypes contain high or very high amounts of isoflavones. The obtained results also show that the genotype and the year have significant influence on isoflavone content in soybeans, as opposed to the origin of seed, which has no influence on isoflavone content. Significant correlations between the parent and the hybrid genotypes are found, regarding the content of the total isoflavones, the subtotal daidzeins and the subtotal genisteins, implicating the possibility of inheriting these traits through hybridization. The inquiry of the mutual relationships between isoflavones in soybeans reveals certain connections between them, which can be used in preliminary prediction of isoflavone composition in soybeans when the content of some isoflavone components is known. All the analyzed samples (83 soybean genotypes) are distributed into six groups, according to the content of 12 individual isoflavones. Those six groups have significantly different content of malonyl-genistin (the quantitatively dominant isoflavone), which enables the identification of the genotypes with favorable characteristics, regarding their potential usage in pharmacy.</p>