Taksonomija i horologija roda Allium L. 1754(Amaryllidales, Alliaceae) u Srbiji

Abstract

<p>Monografska istraživanja roda Allium na području Srbije do sada nisu<br />rađena. Samim tim ističe se monografski pristup obradi vrsta roda<br />Allium sa vi&scaron;e aktuelnih aspekata. Definisani su obrazci varijabilnosti i<br />setovi njihovih taksonomskih karaktera. Konstatovani su osnovni<br />modeli u varijabilnosti vezani za kvantitativne i kvalitativne karaktere i<br />definisana njihova sličnost po evolutivnim linijama roda Allium. Po prvi<br />put izdvojeni su osnovni pravci infrapsecijske diferencijacije taksona<br />roda i Allium i njihove evolutivni relacije. Ukupno su definisana četiri<br />varijabilna obrazca. Izdvojene su grupe vrsta sa karakterističnim<br />modelima varijabilnosti. Anatomskim analizama listova izvr&scaron;ena je<br />rekonstrukcija evolutivne &scaron;eme procesa dorziventralne kompresije lista<br />uvođenjem kategorije nepotpuno sraslih listova i pozicioniranje vrsta iz<br />Srbije u odnosu na sve kategorije. Dati su infragenerički modeli<br />klasifikacije na osnovu parametara anatomije lista, mikromorfologije<br />polenovog zrna, mikromorfologije semenjače i dominantnih flavonoida<br />u rodu Allium. Izrađen je dihotomi ključ za determinaciju vrsta i<br />infraspecijskih taksona roda Allium na području Srbije. Formiran je<br />spisak taksona i detaljno prikazana sinonimika i nomenklatura taksona<br />roda Allium u Srbiji. Opisano je ukupno 12 novih infraspecijskih<br />taksona, 14 taksona je u statusu novih kombinacija, a za 11 su<br />dopunjene dijagnoze. Za sve novoopisane taksone određeni su<br />odgovarajući tipovi. Izrađeno je 27 karata rasporostranjenja vrsta roda<br />Allium u Srbiji. Takođe izrađene su i karte frekvencija vrsta i<br />infraspecijskih taksona na osnovu koji su određeni centri diverziteta<br />roda Allium u Srbiji. Po prvi put definisan je fitogeografski i<br />fitocenolo&scaron;ki značaj vrsta roda Allium u Srbiji i određeni dijapazoni<br />nadmorskih visina. Definisne su česte i retke vrste, kao i vrste koje se<br />predlažu za odgovarajuće oblike za&scaron;tite.</p>

<p>The monographic studies of genus Allium in the region of Serbia were<br />never performed before. Therefore, the monographic approach to study<br />of genus Allium is a prominent novelty with several current aspects.<br />The patterns of variability and sets of their taxonomic characters were<br />defined. The main variability models of quantitative and qualitative<br />characters were recorded and their similarity along the evolution lines<br />of genus Allium was defined. Main directions of infraspecies<br />differentiation of taxa within the genus Allium and their evolutionary<br />relationships were determined for the first time. There are four<br />determined patterns of variability. Groups of species matching the<br />characteristic variability models were determined. The anatomic<br />analyses of leaves were used to reconstruct the evolutionary scheme of<br />process of dorsiventral compression of leaf, by introducing the<br />category of incompletely coalesced leaves, and to position the species<br />from the region of Serbia at their proper place in these categories. The<br />infrageneric models of classification according to parameters of leaf<br />anatomy, micromorphology of pollen grain, micromorphology of<br />seedcoat and the dominant flavonoids in genus Allium were described.<br />The dichotomous key for determination of species and infraspecies<br />taxa of genus Allium at the territory of Serbia was prepared. List of<br />taxa was formed, including the detailed list of synonymy and<br />nomenclature of taxa of genus Allium in Serbia. Number of newly<br />described taxa includes 12 infraspecies taxa, 14 taxa in status of new<br />combinations and 11 taxa with supplemented diagnoses. Appropriate<br />types were determined for all newly described taxa.<br />27 range maps for species from genus Allium in Serbia were prepared,<br />as well as maps of frequencies for species and infraspecies taxa, used<br />to determine centers of diversity of genus Allium in Serbia. The<br />phytogeographic and phytocenological significance of Allium species<br />in Serbia were determined for the first time, as well as the altitude<br />ranges. Common and rare species were defined and determined, as<br />well as the species suggested for certain forms of conservation</p>