Biological activity of different type of elderberry wine

Abstract

Elderberry is one of the oldest and popular medicinal herbs, it has been used in medicinal purposes since prehistoric times. Bioactive components were found in all parts of plant. The objective of this research was to show different biological activity of two types wine from elderberry. Two samples of wine were prepared. The first sample of wine was prepared without the influence of temperature, while the second sample of wine was treated with heat at a temperature 60 °C during 5 minutes. Antioxidant potential of wine was analyzed using several different in vitro antioxidant assays: ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) and phosphomolybdenum assay. Total phenolic, total flavonoid and total anthocyanins content were determined spectrophotometrically and their contents amounted for first sample 66.65±0.70 mg galic acid/g wine, 1.97±0.66 mg rutin/g wine and 27.53±3.48 µg eq cyanidin-3-glucoside/mg wine, respectively. Total content of these compounds in second sample of wine was 70.15±0.92 mg galic acid/g wine, 4.30±0.05 mg rutin/g wine and 25.57±0.63 µg eq cyanidin-3-glucoside/mg wine, respectivily. Polyphenol profile was performed using the HPLC method, which it was detected 33 compounds in wine without heat treatment and 35 compounds in wine wich was heat treated at a temperature 60° during 5 minutes. Enzyme inhibitory effects were tested against cholinesterase, tyrosinase, amylase and glucosidase. Wine without influence of temperature had better antioxidant potency in all assays (IC50 = 6.17 ± 0.42 µg/mL wine for ABTS). The wine treated with heat showed the best enzyme inhibitory activity, according to the enzyme tyrosinase (11.51±0.66 mg KAE/g wine). The results of this study showed a high content of secondary metabolites in the analyzed wine of the elements, and it can be concluded that obtained wine can improve some characteristics, so that it can be used for therapeutic purposes.