Supercritical extraction of Salvia officinalis L

Abstract

The wild sage (Salvia officinalis L.) growing in municipality Trebinje, Bosnia and Herzegovina was extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide at flow rate 3.23•0-3 kg min-1, temperature 313 K under varying pressures in order to determine yields and compositions of extracts. Supercritical fluid extraction was carried out with a laboratory-scale high pressure extraction plant-HPEP (Nova-Swiss, Switzerland). With increasing pressure from 80 to 300 bar extraction yield increased. It was due to the fact that supercritical carbon dioxide density increases with increasing pressures. In the supercritical CO2 extracts the major components were phyllocladene (10.42-30.64%), γ-elemene (7.02-24.98%), isoborneole (6.80-11.29%), camphor (1.43-15.24%). Essential oils were isolated by hydro distillation from CO2 extracts. The major components were α-thujone (15.63-27.38%), camphor (16.03-23.45%), γ-elemene (7.46-15.52%). In continue of investigations, the kinetics of extraction where each point of the kinetic curves obtained with the new sample of drug in extractor at pressures 80, 100 and 200 bar were studied. With increasing pressure extract yield increased (1.40-4.17 g/100 g drug). Qualitative and quantitative analyses extracts and essential oils were done using GC/MS and GC/FID analyses. The composition of sage extracts and essential oils were different. Supercritical fluid extraction by CO2 allowed optimization of the experimental conditions for selection of the substances of interest. © 2011 Asian Network for Scientific Information.