Physiological adaptations of a specific muscleimbalance reduction training programme in the elite female judokas

Abstract

Background Use of isokinetic dynamometers can provide effective tool for both evaluation of strength imbalances and implementation of isokinetic strength training exercises. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of isokinetic training combined with judo techniques to correct imbalances of femoral muscle in elite female judokas. Material/Methods: Fifteen elite female judokas of the Serbian national team took part in the study. They were exposed to specific training program on isokinetic dynamometer, with individual dosage during the training period of 6 weeks. A specific training program consisted of isokinetic exercises for knee joint, at different angular speeds, which gave the corresponding resistance. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in both legs in force flexors (KF-R, KF-L) and the extensors force of the left leg (KE-L) at the level of significance p<0.01, whilst the significant enhance in the power of the right leg extensor (KE-R) were found at the level of significance p<0.05, in absolute as well as in relative values. Furthermore, flexor-to-extensor torque in initial measurement represented a potential source of injury. After application of the combined training of treatment, this difference was reduced (p<0.01) and brought to an acceptable level, respectively. Conclusions: This study showed that isokinetics could provide useful information regarding strength of particular muscle groups and finding early detection of imbalance between muscle groups in judo sport. Therefore, the authors recommend the inclusion of isokinetic dynamometry as a prevention of injuries and strength diagnostics tool for elite judo athletes.