The effects of combined oral anticoagulant-aspirin therapy in patients undergoing tooth extractions: A prospective study

Abstract

Background. The authors conducted a study to evaluate the effect of combined oral anticoagulant-aspirin therapy on postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing tooth extractions. Methods. A total of 213 patients were divided into three groups of 71 participants each. Patients in group A received combined anticoagulant-aspirin (100-milligram prophylactic dose) therapy. Patients in group B received oral anticoagulant therapy. Patients in group C received aspirin therapy (100- mg prophylactic dose). Bleeding was marked as an "event" if it met the following criteria: the bleeding continued beyond 12 hours, patient had to call the surgeon or return to dental practice or emergency department, bleeding resolved with large hematoma or ecchymosis within the oral soft tissues, or required a blood transfusion. Results. Mean international normalized ratio (INR) (standard deviation) was 2.43 (0.61) in group A, and 2.45 (0.60) in group B. Postoperative bleeding occurred in three (4.2 percent) participants in group A, two (2.8 percent) participants in group B and no (0.0 percent) participants in group C. The authors found no statistical significance in postoperative bleeding between these three groups (X2 = 2.867, P = .238). All cases of hemorrhage were controlled easily by using local hemostatic measures. Conclusion. Tooth extractions can be performed safely while patients continue to receive combined anticoagulant-aspirin therapy. Clinical Implications. In patients receiving combined anticoagulant-aspirin therapy, simple tooth extractions can be performed safely without discontinuing either oral anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy if their INRs are within therapeutic range and appropriate local hemostasis measures are provided.