The components of variability of dry matter status indicators in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Variability and components of variance for some dry matter status indicators (grain yield, biological yield and grain harvest index) have been studied in 30 winter wheat varieties from different selection centers (Morava, Lepenica, Studenica, Takovcanka, Toplica, Srbijanka, KG 100, Lazarica, Bujna, Matica, Vizija, Pobeda, Rana 5, Evropa 90, Renesansa, Tiha, Mina, Prima, Kremna, Rusija, Pesma, KG - 200/31, KG - 253/4 - 1, KG - 115/4, KG - 165/2, KG - 56/1, KG - 100/97, Perla, KG - 224/98 and KG - 10). The experiment was performed in randomized block design in five replications on the experimental field of Small Grains Research Centre, Kragujevac in three years. Average estimated values for grain yield, biological yield and grain harvest index differed high significantly among years and among varieties. The highest average value for grain yield had KG 10 variety (792.94g m-2) and the lowest value was found in KG 200/31 (303.88g m-2). During investigated period the highest average value for biological yield was determined in KG 10 (1907.62 g m-2), and the lowest value in Pesma (701.55). The grain harvest index varied from 39% (Lepenica, KG 200/31) to 46% (Renesansa, Tiha, KG 100/97). The lowest variability for grain yield was established in Rana 5 variety and the highest in Takovcanka (V = 9.60%; 27.71%, respectively). Coefficient of variation for biological yield varied from 4.02% (Matica) to 28.85% (Evropa 90). The lowest variability for grain harvest index was established in Evropa 90 and the highest in Pesma (V = 5.46%; 23.49%, respectively). Phenotypic analysis of variance indicated that genetic factors had higher impact on the expression of GY and BY than ecological factors. Higher share of ecological variance was registered at variability of GHI.