Fauna of insect pollinators in Vojvodina: diversity, abundance and valuation of ecosystem service of pollination

Abstract

<p>Istraživanje faune insekata opra&scaron;ivača(Hymenoptera: Apoidea i Diptera: Syrphidae) u<br />Vojvodini je rezultiralo registrovanjem 238 vrsta iz 7 familija na četiri tipa zemlji&scaron;nog<br />pokrivača klasifikovanih po CORINE nomenklaturi&nbsp; (2.1.1.&nbsp; -&nbsp; Nenavodnjavan oobradivo zemlji&scaron;te, 2.4.3.&nbsp; -&nbsp; Pretežno poljoprivredna zemlji&scaron;ta sa većim područjima prirodne vegetacije,&nbsp; 3.1.1.&nbsp; -&nbsp; Listopadne &scaron;ume&nbsp; i 3.2.1. - Prirodni travnjaci). Po broju&nbsp; zabeleženih vrsta izdvaja se pokrivač&nbsp; Listopadne &scaron;ume (158).&nbsp; Na prirdonim&nbsp; travnjacima nađeno je 124 vrste, na poluprirodnim stani&scaron;tima 62 i najmanji broj vrsta registrovan je na poljoprivrednim područjima (8).&nbsp; Nova&nbsp; vrsta&nbsp; za&nbsp; nauku&nbsp;<em> Eumerus pannonicus</em>&nbsp; sp.&nbsp; nov.&nbsp; Ricarte,&nbsp; Vujić&nbsp; i Radenković,&nbsp; zabeležena&nbsp; je&nbsp; na&nbsp; lokalitetu Pa&scaron;njaci velike droplje u okviru klase 3.2.1.</p><p>Shannon-ov indeks diverziteta je najveći za Listopadne &scaron;ume (3,385). Za Prirodne travnjake indeks diverziteta je 3,022. Vrednost indeksa za poluprirdona stani&scaron;ta je 2.431, dok je za poljoprivredna područja najmanji (0.765). Shannon-ov indeks diverziteta je računat i za svaki lokalitet&nbsp;&nbsp; posebno.</p><p>Prema&nbsp; Jaccard-ovom&nbsp; koeficijentu&nbsp; sličnosti,najsličnije&nbsp; su&nbsp; faune&nbsp; Slanog&nbsp; Kopova&nbsp; i&nbsp; Pa&scaron;njaka velike&nbsp; droplje&nbsp; (32,7%). Najmanju sličnost pokazala je fauna lokaliteta Đurđevo u kombinaciji sa faunama Fru&scaron;ke gore, Vr&scaron;ačkih planina I, Okanj bare i Vr&scaron;ačkih planina II, gde su svi koeficijenti imali vrednost ispod 4%.</p><p>Na&nbsp; području&nbsp; Vojvodine&nbsp; tri&nbsp; nađene&nbsp; vrste&nbsp; iz&nbsp; reda Hymenoptera&nbsp; uvr&scaron;tene&nbsp; su&nbsp; na&nbsp; IUCN-ovu&nbsp; crvenu listu. Prema nacionalnom Pravilniku o progla&scaron;enju i za&scaron;titi strogo za&scaron;tićenih i za&scaron;tićenih divljih vrsta biljaka, životinja i gljiva, iz kategorije strogo za&scaron;tićenih vrsta nađena je jedna, a od za&scaron;tićenih vrsta nađene su dve osolike muve.</p><p>RDA&nbsp; analizom&nbsp; pokazano&nbsp; je&nbsp; da&nbsp; su&nbsp;&nbsp; statistički značajne&nbsp; sve&nbsp; ispitivane&nbsp; varijable:&nbsp; ko&scaron;enje,&nbsp; UOP(udaljenost&nbsp; od&nbsp; poljoprivrednih&nbsp; područja),nadmorska visina i ispa&scaron;a.</p><p>Ekonomska vrednost ekosistemske usluge polinacije procenjena za period od 2009-2014.godine pokazuje rastući trend. Vrednost polinacije tokom&nbsp; godina rasla je sa 110,5miliona EUR u 2009. godini do 203,7 miliona EUR u 2014.</p>

<p>Research of pollinators fauna&nbsp; (Hymenoptera: Apoidea i Diptera: Syrphidae) in&nbsp; Vojvodina results in a finding of 238 species within 7 families on 4 CORINE land&nbsp; cover habitat types (2.1.1.&nbsp; -&nbsp; Non-irrigated arable&nbsp; land, 2.4.3.&nbsp; -&nbsp; Land principally occupied by agriculture, with significant areas of natural vegetation, 3.1.1. &nbsp;- Broad- leaved forest and 3.2.1.&nbsp; -&nbsp; Natural grasslands). The highest number of species has been recorded on class Broad-leaved forest (158). On class Natural grasslands were found 124 species, on the seminatural habitats 62 species and the lowest&nbsp; number was registered on arable&nbsp; land (8). New species for science Eumerus&nbsp; pannonicus&nbsp; sp.nov.&nbsp; Ricarte,&nbsp; Vujić&nbsp; i Radenković has been recorded in locality Pa&scaron;njaci velike droplje within the class 3.2.1.</p><p>Broad-leaved forest class have&nbsp; the highest values for the scored&nbsp; diversity index (3,385), followed by&nbsp; Natural grasslands (3,022) and saminatural habitats (2,431). Arable land class have&nbsp; the lowest diversity values, only 0,765. The Shannon diversity index is calculated for each locality.</p><p>According to Jaccard similarity coefficient, Slano Kopovo and Pa&scaron;njaci Velike Droplje have shown to be most similar faunistically (32,7%). The fauna of Djurdjevo had the lowest similarity value comparing to faunas of Fruska gora, Vrsacke planine I, Okanj bara and Vrsacke planine II, where all the coefficients were below 4%.</p><p>Two of the 238&nbsp; recorded bee species in Vojvodina are included in the IUCN red list. Acording to Serbian&nbsp; regulatory&nbsp; act&nbsp; &bdquo;Regulation on the promulgation and protection of the protected and strictly protected wild species of plants,&nbsp; animals and fungi&ldquo; one&nbsp; Syrphidae species&nbsp; is catalogued as a Strictly Protected,while two found hoverflie species are Protected. RDA analysis has demonstrated that all the environmental variables used for the analysis are of statistical significance: mowing, UOP(distance from the agricultural area), elevation and grazing intensity.</p><p>Economic value of insect pollination was estimated for&nbsp; a length of&nbsp; time 2009.-2014., and displays&nbsp; an&nbsp; increasing&nbsp; trend.The value of pollination&nbsp; has increased&nbsp; over these years, starting with 110,5 millions of EUR in 2009., up to 203,7 millions of EUR in 2014.</p>